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法律英语中final一词的不同用法及其与eventual和ultimate的区别

Final一词在法律英语中,通常:

1.表示being or happening at the end of a series of events, actions, statements, etc.“最终的;最后的”。

 

2.表示that cannot be argued with or changed.“决定性的;不可改变的;最终的”

 

相关词组:

Final offer最终报价

Final account决算

Default final终极缺席(审判)

Final jurisdiction最终管辖权

 

Final、eventual和ultimate的区别:

1、final可以做定语和表语,强调明确终结

The judge's decision is final. 法官的判决是最终判决。

Who has the final say around here? 这里谁有最后决定权?

 

2、eventual只能作定语,强调终于发生

The eventual winner of the tournament 锦标赛的最终胜利者

 

3、ultimate未正式用词,强调极限的、根本的

Ultimate authority 最高权力

Ultimate goal/aim/objective/target 最终的目的╱目标

 

参考双语例句:

As long as no agency has the final say on the issue, Beijing has the flexibility to change its positions depending on the situation.

只要没有一个政府机构具有对南海问题的最终决定权,中国政府就能根据局势变化灵活调整自己的主张。

The problems that must be solved are: document registration of refugees (absence of identity documents hampers the right to employment); creation of conditions for social integration of recognised refugees, establishment of a legal background that would regulate the integration and its financial support; absence of a placement centre for foreigners that are to be expelled from the Republic of Moldova (the person which was refused the status of refugee, after using all possibilities of appeal, must leave the territory of the Republic of Moldova during 15 days after the final decision on the refusal of the application).

必须解决的问题是:进行难民证件登记(没有身份证件会阻碍就业权);为得到承认的难民创造融入社会的条件,并为难民融入社会和获得财政支助奠定法律基础;为被驱逐出摩尔多瓦共和国的外国人(在利用了所有可能的上诉渠道之后仍被拒绝给予难民身份的人员,必须在拒绝申请的最终裁决之后15日内离开摩尔多瓦共和国)建立安置中心。

If any question shall arise at any meeting of the Board as to the materiality of the interest of a Director (other than the Chairman) or as to the entitlement of any Director (other than such Chairman) to vote or be counted in the quorum and such question is not resolved by his voluntarily agreeing to abstain from voting or not to be counted in the quorum, such question shall be referred to the Chairman and his ruling in relation to such other Director shall be final and conclusive except in a case where the nature or extent of the interest of the Director concerned as known to such Director has not been fairly disclosed to the Board.

倘於任何董事會會議上出現有關確定董事﹙主席除外﹚之權益是否屬重大或任何董事﹙有關主席除外﹚有否投票權或被計入法定人數的任何問題,而有關問題未能以有關董事自願同意放棄投票或不被計入法定人數而得到解決,則有關問題須提交主席,而其就有關其他董事所作之裁決須為最終決定及定論,惟有關董事所知悉有關董事之權益性質或程度並未向董事會作出公平披露者則除外。

Significantly, indigenous decision-making processes and institutions also express a degree of indigenous peoples’ self-determination and autonomy, free from imposed external influence, although the State may still have ultimate authority under State law, including in some of the examples mentioned below.

非常重要的是,土著决策程序和机构也在一定程度上体现了土著人民不受外来影响的自决和自治,尽管国家根据国家法律仍然具有最终的权威,包括在下文中提到的一些实例中的情况。

 

来源:译问

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